{"id":1894,"date":"2022-11-11T10:20:29","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T09:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diagnostic-mental.fr\/blog\/non-classe\/causes-of-autism-spectrum-disorder\/"},"modified":"2022-11-11T11:30:07","modified_gmt":"2022-11-11T10:30:07","slug":"causes-des-troubles-du-spectre-autistique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diagnostic-mental.fr\/blog\/autisme\/causes-des-troubles-du-spectre-autistique\/","title":{"rendered":"Causes des troubles du spectre autistique"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les connaissances sur les causes de l’autisme<\/a>, malgr\u00e9 les efforts des chercheurs, ne sont pas compl\u00e8tes. Les hypoth\u00e8ses s’articulent autour d’un d\u00e9veloppement anormal ou de dommages pr\u00e9coces au syst\u00e8me nerveux central, caus\u00e9s par des conditions g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et environnementales<\/strong>. En m\u00eame temps, on sait que l’apparition de l’autisme n’est pas influenc\u00e9e par les erreurs ou la n\u00e9gligence des parents.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques<\/h4>\n

Une grande contribution des conditions g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques au d\u00e9veloppement de l’autisme est indiqu\u00e9e par les r\u00e9sultats d’\u00e9tudes bas\u00e9es sur la population. Elles ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une augmentation significative du risque d’autisme chez les parents au premier degr\u00e9 (18-20 % pour les fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs) et un taux de concordance \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour le d\u00e9veloppement du trouble chez les jumeaux monozygotes (60-90 %) par rapport aux jumeaux dizygotes (0-20 %). Il a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 estim\u00e9 que l’h\u00e9ritabilit\u00e9<\/strong> (la contribution des facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques au risque de d\u00e9velopper le trouble) dans les TSA est de 0,4-0,9<\/strong>, l’un des taux les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s parmi tous les troubles de sant\u00e9 mentale. En outre, l’autisme est plus fr\u00e9quent chez les enfants pr\u00e9sentant des anomalies chromosomiques. Le syndrome du chromosome X fragile en est un exemple. Il touche 3 \u00e0 10 % des gar\u00e7ons et 5 % des filles atteints de troubles holistiques du d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n

Facteurs environnementaux<\/h4>\n

Les facteurs environnementaux qui peuvent influencer l’apparition de l’autisme sont les suivants.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • pr\u00e9maturit\u00e9<\/li>\n
  • l’empoisonnement aux m\u00e9taux lourds ;<\/li>\n
  • l’\u00e2ge des parents ;<\/li>\n
  • diab\u00e8te ; hypothyro\u00efdie de la m\u00e8re ;<\/li>\n
  • utilisation de m\u00e9dicaments anti\u00e9pileptiques par la m\u00e8re pendant la grossesse ;<\/li>\n
  • stress pr\u00e9natal ;<\/li>\n
  • infections.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Existe-t-il un lien entre l’autisme et la vaccination ?<\/h4>\n

    Les donn\u00e9es<\/strong> \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques disponibles ne sugg\u00e8rent pas de lien de causalit\u00e9 entre la vaccination contre la rougeole, les oreillons et la rub\u00e9ole et les troubles du spectre autistique<\/strong>. Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e il y a plusieurs ann\u00e9es, qui sugg\u00e9rait l’existence de ce lien, pr\u00e9sentait des lacunes m\u00e9thodologiques. Il n’existe pas non plus de preuve qu’une autre vaccination puisse augmenter le risque d’autisme.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Source :<\/p>\n

      \n
    • https:\/\/www.damian.pl\/zdrowie-psychiczne\/autyzm\/<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Les connaissances sur les causes de l’autisme, malgr\u00e9 les efforts des chercheurs, ne sont pas compl\u00e8tes. Les hypoth\u00e8ses s’articulent autour d’un d\u00e9veloppement anormal ou de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1926,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nCauses des troubles du spectre autistique - Diagnostic Mental<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diagnostic-mental.fr\/blog\/autisme\/causes-des-troubles-du-spectre-autistique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Causes des troubles du spectre autistique - Diagnostic Mental\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les connaissances sur les causes de l’autisme, malgr\u00e9 les efforts des chercheurs, ne sont pas compl\u00e8tes. 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